Fall prevention

     As the weather begins to change and we’ll most likely be seeing some snow within the next month, now is a good time to think about winter safety and preventing falls. Common sense tells us to avoid ice- and snow-covered walkways, to stay indoors if possible during wintery weather, and to slow down and be cautious. But, when considering fall prevention, it turns out the clear majority of senior falls happen indoors.

     The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports that more than 1 out of every 4 older people, those 65 and older, fall each year. Falling once doubles the chance of falling again. Annually, 2.8 million older people are treated in the emergency department for fall injuries. Over 800,000 patients a year are hospitalized because of a fall injury, most often because of a head injury or a hip fracture. Falls are the most common cause of traumatic brain injury.

     As individuals age, physical changes, health conditions and even some medications make falls more likely. Lower body weakness, difficulty walking and balance issues contribute to falling. Research shows that Vitamin D deficiency may add to the risk of falls. Additional factors include poor lighting in the home, vision problems, and home hazards such as clutter, lack of grab bars, uneven flooring, and throw rugs. Research also indicates that certain medications such as antidepressants and sedatives may affect balance and/or make individuals drowsy contributing to the chance of falling.

     Most falls seem to be caused by a combination of the above risk factors, but there are several things you can to do to minimize your risk and stay on your feet. First, talk to your doctor about the medications you are taking. Understand the side effects and ask if they cause drowsiness or dizziness. Ask your doctor if he/she thinks if it would be beneficial to take a Vitamin D supplement and be honest with your doctor if you have fallen in the past. Second, stay active and maintain an exercise program to keep your body strong and healthy. There are several options in our community including “Sit & Get Fit” classes at the Berndes Center, chair yoga class at Pennington Square, or a senior fitness class at the local gym; but you can do daily strengthening exercises in your own home as well. If you notice issues with balance and weakness, talk to your doctor. He/she may order outpatient physical therapy to assist you in increasing your strength and mobility. Next, declutter your home and remove throw rugs. Make sure you have clear walkways throughout your home and that you can move around freely. Install grab bars in the bathroom and railings along the stairways.

     These simple measures will help you avoid a fall and keep you stronger and healthier longer. For more information on senior issues, contact Leann at Monticello Nursing and Rehab at 319-465-5415.